Harlan I.
Smith (also known for his articles on the Northwest Coast) really
packs some information about the Fox Farm into this book. It
is an in-depth study of the ethnology of this site and is very
highly regarded in professional archaeological circles.
Extremely well-written and authoritative, I recommend it highly.
A look at the table of contents (below) will illustrate the scope of
this work.
"The Fox
Farm is situated in Mason County, Kentucky, about fourteen miles
south southwest from Maysville, three miles north from May's Lick,
and one mile west of the road leading from May's Lick to Maysville.
It is not far from the historic Washington, made famous by Harriet
Beecher Stowe in "Uncle Tom's Cabin." It is in the Algonkin
linguistic area. The land is rolling, and cut by numerous creeks
which discharge into the north fork of the Licking River and so
their waters eventually reach the Ohio. These streams cut through
nearly horizontal strata of the fossili-ferous limestone of the
Ordovician (Lower Silurian). The Fox Farm lies on Lower Maysville
and Upper Eden, formerly supposed to be about the equivalent of the
Lorraine and Utica of the New York series. The Eden consists of
shale and thin limestones, the latter of which tend to slip out on
the surface of the steep hillsides under the action of frost and
rain. Many of these are carried by water some distance down stream,
and in places are deposited in such a way as to resemble a pavement,
each piece standing on edge, but leaning down stream. The Eden
outcrop is always marked by steep slopes and a relatively poor soil;
the overlying Maysville, however, gives rise to good soil. Many of
these slabs of limestone were carried by the prehistoric people of
this vicinity to the top of the high land lying between the streams
and there used in the construction of graves. There are numerous
salt springs in the neighborhood which in early historic times and
before, were visited by deer and other animals for the purpose of
licking the salt deposited about their edges. Consequently, many of
the names of the nearby villages terminate in the word "Lick." The
country was heavily wooded and timber was so common that even at the
time of our work there (1895) rail fences could be seen which
contained rails of the now valuable black walnut."
"A large
prehistoric village site, a number of graves, and mounds situated on
the higher part of this farm near three natural sink holes where the
underlying lime rock has dissolved have been known for many years.
While Prof. Cyrus Thomas,1 refers to an enclosure known as "Fox's
Fort," probably one of the sink holes, three miles northwest of
May's Lick, which was reported to him by Mr. Gerard Fowke, no full
account of them has been published, nor are there in any publication
illustrations and descriptions characterizing the culture of the
people who formerly lived there. Specimens have been collected on
the surface of this site, especially by Mr. Gerard Fowke and by Col.
Frederick H. Bierbower of Maysville as well as by casual visitors to
the place. A considerable collection from this site may be seen in
the Museum of the Public Library at Maysville."
This 7"
x 10", 167 page, soft cover, facsimile reprint contains
47 full page plates. $17.95